22 Lecture - Software and System Architecture

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22 Lecture

CS504

Midterm & Final Term Short Notes

Software and System Architecture

Software and system architecture refers to the high-level design and organization of a software application or entire system. It involves defining components, their interactions, and the overall structure to meet specific requirements, ensuring


Important Mcq's
Midterm & Finalterm Prepration
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  1. Q: What does software architecture refer to? a) The programming languages used in software development. b) The high-level design and organization of a software application. c) The hardware components of a computer system. d) The process of software testing and debugging. Solution: b) The high-level design and organization of a software application. Q: What is the primary goal of software architecture? a) Maximizing the number of features in the software. b) Minimizing the development cost of the software. c) Ensuring scalability, maintainability, and reliability of the software. d) Reducing the size of the software codebase. Solution: c) Ensuring scalability, maintainability, and reliability of the software. Q: Which type of architecture is characterized by dividing the system into smaller, independent components? a) Monolithic architecture b) Microservices architecture c) Client-server architecture d) Peer-to-peer architecture Solution: b) Microservices architecture Q: In a client-server architecture, which component requests services from the server? a) Server b) Client c) Database d) Router Solution: b) Client Q: Which architecture style involves a single, self-contained application? a) Microservices architecture b) Monolithic architecture c) Distributed architecture d) Component-based architecture Solution: b) Monolithic architecture Q: What is the main advantage of using a microservices architecture? a) Reduced development complexity b) Centralized control over all components c) Easier communication between components d) Better scalability and flexibility Solution: d) Better scalability and flexibility Q: What does system architecture refer to? a) The high-level design of a single software application. b) The arrangement of hardware components in a computer system. c) The interaction between different software applications. d) The high-level design and organization of an entire system. Solution: d) The high-level design and organization of an entire system. Q: Which architecture style involves breaking down a system into reusable and interchangeable components? a) Component-based architecture b) Client-server architecture c) Peer-to-peer architecture d) Distributed architecture Solution: a) Component-based architecture Q: What is the purpose of system architecture? a) Optimizing software code for faster execution. b) Ensuring effective communication between hardware components. c) Defining the interactions and structure of the entire system. d) Providing user interface design for software applications. Solution: c) Defining the interactions and structure of the entire system. Q: Which architectural pattern ensures that each component performs a specific function and can be replaced without affecting the entire system? a) Component-based architecture b) Client-server architecture c) Monolithic architecture d) Distributed architecture Solution: a) Component-based architecture



Subjective Short Notes
Midterm & Finalterm Prepration
Past papers included

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  1. Q: What is software architecture? A: Software architecture refers to the high-level design and organization of a software application, defining its components and interactions. Q: What are the key goals of software architecture? A: The primary goals of software architecture are scalability, maintainability, reliability, and performance. Q: What is microservices architecture? A: Microservices architecture is an architectural style where a system is divided into smaller, independent services, each running in its own process. Q: How does microservices architecture differ from monolithic architecture? A: Monolithic architecture involves a single, self-contained application, while microservices architecture breaks the system into independent services. Q: What are the advantages of using microservices architecture? A: Advantages include better scalability, flexibility, easier maintenance, and the ability to deploy and update individual services independently. Q: Define system architecture. A: System architecture refers to the high-level design and organization of an entire system, including hardware and software components. Q: What is the role of system architecture in a project? A: System architecture defines the structure and interactions of all components, ensuring seamless integration and meeting project requirements. Q: What is component-based architecture? A: Component-based architecture involves breaking down a system into reusable and interchangeable components, promoting modularity and reusability. Q: How does component-based architecture facilitate software development? A: Component-based architecture allows developers to focus on individual components, leading to faster development and easier maintenance. Q: What are the key considerations in designing a system architecture? A: Key considerations include scalability, performance, security, modularity, and the ability to accommodate future changes and enhancements.

Software and system architecture play vital roles in the design and development of complex software applications and entire systems. Software architecture refers to the high-level design and organization of a software application, determining its structure, components, and interactions. On the other hand, system architecture encompasses the high-level design and organization of an entire system, including both software and hardware components. Software architecture serves as the foundation for building scalable, maintainable, and reliable software systems. It involves making crucial decisions about the system's structure, such as selecting the appropriate architectural style (e.g., monolithic, microservices, client-server, etc.), defining the relationships between components, and identifying the communication patterns. One of the prominent architectural styles is the microservices architecture, which breaks down the application into smaller, loosely coupled services. Each microservice handles a specific functionality and can be developed, deployed, and scaled independently. This approach enhances flexibility, enables faster development cycles, and promotes fault isolation. In contrast, monolithic architecture represents a single, self-contained application where all functionalities are tightly integrated. While monolithic systems are simple to develop and deploy, they can become challenging to maintain and scale as the application grows in complexity. System architecture takes a broader perspective, considering not only the software components but also the hardware infrastructure. It defines the interactions between various subsystems and their integration, ensuring the system works harmoniously. System architects must address issues like hardware selection, network communication, and data storage to meet performance and reliability requirements. Component-based architecture promotes reusability by breaking down a system into smaller, interchangeable components. Each component serves a specific function, and they can be reused across multiple applications, reducing development time and effort. When designing software and system architectures, several factors come into play, including scalability, performance, security, modularity, and the ability to accommodate future changes and enhancements. An effective architecture aligns with the project's requirements, aligns with the business goals, and allows for easy maintenance and extensibility. Both software and system architecture are critical for managing the complexity of modern applications and systems. They provide a clear blueprint for development teams, guiding them towards creating robust, efficient, and reliable solutions. Properly designed architectures enable seamless integration, support scalability, and lay the groundwork for future enhancements, ensuring the success of the software and the system as a whole.

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